Diverticulosis and diverticulitis

Diverticulosis occurs when small defects in the muscle of the wall of the large intestine or colon allow small pockets or pouches (diverticula) to form. Diverticulitis is infection or inflammation of these abnormal pouches. Together, these conditions are called diverticular disease. Diverticular disease isn't associated with more serious conditions, such as bowel cancer, despite some similar symptoms.

Causes of diverticulosis Diverticulosis is extremely common

. Old age and diet may be the most important risk factors. More than half of all adults over the age of 70 have the condition. Most of these people are unaware that they have diverticulosis.

Diverticulosis is less common in people under 50. Studies appear to show that diverticulosis became more common in the 20th Century. It is also more common in 'Western' nations including North America, Europe and Australia. It is less common in Asia and very uncommon in Africa. Discovery of this led to the theory that the low fibre diet common in Western nations may be important. Animal studies show that this theory is possible. It has also been shown that vegetarians less commonly develop diverticulosis. Exactly how a low fibre diet may cause diverticulosis is not known.

There may also be genetic causes. It is interesting that Western people develop diverticulosis in the last third of the colon, while people in Asian countries - such as Japan, Taiwan and Singapore - generally develop diverticulosis in the first section of the colon. In the Japanese population living in Hawaii, the risk of diverticulosis is higher than those living in Japan. However, when diverticulosis develops in these people, it is still in the 'Japanese' location - the first third of the colon.

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